1. perturbation在线翻译

1. 微扰：系统生物的这三个本质成分是: (1) 高通量技术获得生物数据; (2) 研究基因水平微扰(perturbation)的生物学工具, 可用于少量的模型有机体:酶, 果蝇, C.

2. 干扰：使癌症在外来的干扰(perturbation)之下总有一两个残余细胞能逃过一劫不久之后再卷土重来.人类社会中血亲通婚造成纯种的结果不利於种族的延续就是这个道理的反面.有趣的是目前使用的癌症化疗药物根本上都是所谓的mutagen这些mutagen事实上更促进癌细胞的突变也就是增加它的异质性;

3. perturbation

3. 摄动：需要有一个从原因与结果的简单逻辑向一个'摄动'(perturbation)逻辑(注:在天文学中,摄动指天体的运动由于另一天体的吸引或相撞而产生的偏离. 在数学中,摄动是把求解的问题同一个类似的、其解是已知的问题进行比较来求解的一种方法.

1. （尤指不常出现的）小变化
    A perturbation is a small change in the movement, quality, or behaviour of something, especially an unusual change.

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    e.g. ...perturbations in Jupiter''s gravitational field.
           木星重力场的微小变化

2. （某事引起的）忧虑，不安，烦恼
    Perturbation is worry caused by some event.

    e.g. This message caused perturbation in the Middle East Headquarters.
           这则消息在中东总部引起了不安。

1. the act of causing disorder

    Synonym: disruption

2. a disposition that is confused or nervous and upset

    Synonym: fluster

3. activity that is a malfunction, intrusion, or interruption

    e.g. the term `distress'' connotes some degree of perturbation and emotional upset
           he looked around for the source of the disturbance
           there was a disturbance of neural function

    Synonym: disturbance

4. (physics) a secondary influence on a system that causes it to deviate slightly

5. an unhappy and worried mental state

    e.g. there was too much anger and disturbance
           she didn''t realize the upset she caused me

    Synonym: disturbanceupset