1. 根據：它们分别是诉求(claims)、根据(grounds)、授权(warrant) 、支持(backing)、合资格的(qualified)以及反驳(rebuttal)等等和法律相关的概念. 图尔明的模式对形式逻辑本身还没有根本的影响,但在话语交际理论方面、在论辩理论方面特别是在非形式逻辑方面的影响,

2. 证据：忍受bear; put up with; endure; stand | 证据evidence; facts; proof; grounds; testimony | 很容易地easily; with little problem; with little hindrance

3.

3. (建筑物周围的)庭院,场地：greens蔬菜 | grounds(建筑物周围的)庭院,场地 | outskirts郊外

1. the enclosed land around a house or other building

    e.g. it was a small house with almost no yard

    Synonym: yardcurtilage

2. your basis for belief or disbelief
    knowledge on which to base belief

    e.g. the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling

    Synonym: evidence

3. a justification for something existing or happening

    e.g. he had no cause to complain
           they had good reason to rejoice

    Synonym: causereason

4. a tract of land cleared for some special purposes (recreation or burial etc.)

5. dregs consisting of solid particles (especially of coffee) that form a residue

    e.g. it is a Middle Eastern custom to read your future in your coffee grounds