1. Methods CT scaning has been progressively made by thin plate from axis to the bottom of occiput. The imagings of rheumatoid arthritis can he displayed in axial vertebra and atlas, at the bottom of occiput and in tissues nearby.
CT扫描从枢椎至枕骨底部逐层薄层扫描，显示枢椎、寰椎、枕骨底部及周围组织类风湿关节炎的各种征象。
2. The length of the stability arm and Π-shaped nail was about 10 mm. The principle of reset and fixation of the device was that: the stabilizing arm was inserted into the body of axis, and the heat deformation of the V-shape wings produced the pressure which pushed lateral mass of atlas backward, and then Π-shaped nails was inserted into lateral mass of atlas and fixed vertebra firmly after heating.
复位和固定原理：将固定器稳定臂斜形插入枢椎体，受热形变时V型双翼向后推压寰椎侧块向后位移达到复位目的，然后置入Π形寰椎侧块固定钉，受热两腿张开，紧紧扒持骨质起到固定作用。
3.
3. Results: 13 cases with 19 bone broken points, the positions are at dens, side plank of atlas, occipital, plank of axis, processus spinosus etc.23 cases with axis and atlas half dislocation. Of which, 16 cases were with pure dislocation, 7 cases with rotating dislocation, 11 cases were with swollen at the side of vertebra, 2 cases with depressing of vertebral artery, 5 cases with continued narrowing of vertebral canal.
结果：13例共见19处骨折，部位分别为齿状突、寰椎侧块、枕骨、枢椎椎板、棘突等，寰枢关节脱位23例，其中单纯性脱位16例，旋转性半脱位7例，11例合并椎旁血肿，2例见椎动脉受压，5例继发性椎管狭窄。
4. axis vertebra的意思
4. The front suture width of axis and atlas joints and the shift degree of dens were also measured. results: 13 cases with 19 bone broken points, the positions are at dens, side plank of atlas, occipital, plank of axis, processus spinosus etc.23 cases with axis and atlas half dislocation. of which, 16 cases were with pure dislocation, 7 cases with rotating dislocation, 11 cases were with swollen at the side of vertebra, 2 cases with depressing of vertebral artery, 5 cases with continued narrowing of vertebral canal. conclusions: ct has the advantage of quickness, safety and high density discerning, it can reveal details of acute axis and atlas damages, so it has great importance to treatment scheme making and to the prognosticate.
结果：13例共见19处骨折，部位分别为齿状突、寰椎侧块、枕骨、枢椎椎板、棘突等，寰枢关节脱位23例，其中单纯性脱位16例，旋转性半脱位7例，11例合并椎旁血肿，2例见椎动脉受压，5例继发性椎管狭窄。结论：ct具有快捷、安全、密度分辨率高等优点，可明确急性寰枢关节损伤细节，对制定治疗方案及估价预后具有重要作用。
5. axis vertebra的解释
5. Methods: Injured patients of cervical spine was cayyied on X-ray inspection., then according to the result of ADI and LADS, next to CT or MRI inspection, and that was to guide clinical diagonosis and treatment. To observe atlanto-dental interval (anterior arch of atlas posterior border to odontoid process anterior border) and odontoid process caster(included angle between axis of ordinate of odontoid process and axis of ordinate of odontoid vertebra) on the X-ray lateral projection.
对有颈部外伤史的病人常规行X线检查，然后根据寰齿间距和齿突侧块间隙的结果，行下一步CT检查或者MRI检查，指导临床治疗方法的选择。X线侧位片观察寰齿前间隙(为寰椎前弓后缘与齿突前缘距离)，齿状突后倾角(齿突纵轴与枢椎体纵轴的夹角)；开口正位片上测定齿突侧块间隙。
6. Objective To observe the angle of pedicle axis line of L5 vertebra with vertebral sagittal plane and horizontal plane, the space projective location at vertebral body of pedicle axis line and its angle of rectification. To probe into its role in helping PVP procedure. Material and Methods Thirty dry bone specimens of adult''s L5 vertebra were used.
目的 观察L5椎弓根轴线与椎体矢状面和水平面的角度、椎弓根轴线在椎体内的空间投影位置、以及椎弓根轴线的矫正角度，探讨对经皮椎弓根入路椎体成形术的指导意义。
7. Objective To observe the angle of pedicle axis line of L5 vertebra with vertebral sagittal plane and horizontal plane, the space projective location at vertebral body of pedicle axis line and its angle of rectification.
中文摘要：目的观察L5椎弓根轴线与椎体矢状面和水平面的角度、椎弓根轴线在椎体内的空间投影位置、以及椎弓根轴线的矫正角度，探讨对经皮椎弓根入路椎体成形术的指导意义。
8. Methods: Observation was performed in the aspect of form anatomy, especially the measurement of included angle of vertebra and inferior facet, action line of sport mechanics and X-ray slice. Conclusion: Conclusion: Axis exerts driving and restricting manipulation on backbone movement.
方法：从形态解剖，特别是椎体与下关节突关节面夹角测量，运动力学观测作用力线和X线片动态观察，结论：枢纽对脊柱运动起带动、制约的调控作用。
9. The key content is to pay attention to the treatment to the pathological axis (lumbar vertebra-obturator nerve-adductor muscle of vastus medialis).
其核心内容为重视对腰椎-闭孔神经-股内收肌病理轴的治疗；