1. The analysis of frequency index reveals that 3 birds Pycnonotus sinensis, Passer montanus, and Turdus merula are the dominant species.
经RB频率指数测算，鸟类群落的优势种为白头鹎、乌鸫和树麻雀。
2. Turdus merula的近义词
2. Twenty two bird species were observed feeding on plant fruits or seeds in the botanical garden, among them, Turdus merula, Pycnonotus sinensis, Cyanopica cyana, Streptopelia orientalis, Urocissa erythrorhyncha and Pica pica were main avian frugivores according to the number of plant species they eated.
南京中山植物园为多种鸟类提供了稳定而多样化的栖息条件和丰富的食物来源，吸引了众多的留鸟和候鸟在这里生活和繁衍。在南京中山植物园内已调查到的鸟类有24科42属54种，包括留鸟25种，夏候鸟14种，冬候鸟13种，旅鸟1种，以及逸出鸟1种。
3. Effect on birds community:Through the analysis of the correlation between the birds amount and frequency in the 9 parks and the 12 structure indexes of the parks, we reach the conclusion that Passer rutilans and Turdus merula are mostly effected by the area of the habitat, while Carduelis spinus, Parus venustulus, Aegithalos concinnus, Anthus hodgson, Paradoxornis webbianus and Trachybaptus ruficollis are mostly effected by humanlnterference.
对鸟类的影响：通过对市区9个公园的生境破碎化相关的结构、连通性、隔离度、人为干扰等12个特征变量与鸟类数量和出现频率的相关分析，发现常见鸟类中，麻雀和乌鸫对生境面积存在显着的相关关系；而黄雀、黄腹山雀、红头长尾山雀、树鹨、棕头雅雀以及小鸊鷉受到人为干扰的影响较为明显；白头鹎和珠颈斑鸠的数量与生境斑块的形状指数呈负相关；麻雀的数量随着斑块中灌木层密度的增加而上升；白鹡鸰随着乔覆盖度的增加而减少。
4. An Old World songbird (Turdus merula), the male of which is black with a yellow bill.
乌鸫一种东半球鸣禽（乌鸫），其雄性为黑色，鸟嘴呈黄色。